THE PHYSICAL UNIVERSE. PART III.

CHAPTER III.

THE FIFTH DIMENSION.

The success of Einstein’s special relativity theory was partly due to the fact that Albert Einstein recognised that the speed of light in a vacuum, is constant. While in a moving object viewed by an observer, the time, the length and the mass of the moving object depends on its speed relative to the observer, the speed of light would always be the same to any observer whether at rest or in motion. The fact that the speed of light is the ultimate limit of physical movement, and the fact that no physical object can move faster than the speed of light, are two very important elements that must be considered. According to our theory, nothing can move at the speed of light except quanta particles or virtual mass and their movement is constant in a vacuum. This fact places the quanta world in a very special dimension, different and unique from the other four dimensions or frame of references.

The ordinary understanding of a frame of reference is a set of reference axes for defining the position of an object in space. The first three dimensions or frame of references that give the length, breath and height of an object are known as the inertial frame in which Newton’s laws of motion apply. In this inertial frame the object is seen as moving in a straight line at constant speed unless a force changes its motion. This frame of reference is considered to be at rest and this enables the position of an object in space to be defined at any moment of time. Albert Einstein suggested that all inertial frames are exactly equivalent to one another and all the objects in this frame of reference can be regarded to be at rest and they could measure any other object in the universe, relative to their own frame.

This inertial frame of reference was good if the objects remained at constant speed, relative to one another. But Einstein showed that this was not always the case and when objects were accelerated or decelerated relative to one another a different frame of reference became operative. According to Einstein’s law of relativity, the law of time dilation altered the length of time of an object relative to another object depending on its speed. This formed another frame of reference known as the fourth dimension and it consists of a coordinate system that is linked to time. In this four-dimensional frame of reference known as the space time continuum, the frame of reference consists of a set of four coordinate axes, three spatial and one of time.

Newton’s inertial frame of reference works when objects do not change their speed relative to one another. As long as the objects move at the same speed their position and movement can be measured in the same three dimensional frame of reference. However, as soon as their speed alters relative to one another, they operate in a space time continuum where Einstein’s special relativity laws come into play. The difference is not very noticeable until the speeds come near to the speed of light. Ordinarily, Newtonian frame of reference is used when measuring the movements of objects on earth, or even the movements of the earth, moon, planets and stars. The difference is very noticeable, however, when calculating the speed of sub-atomic particles that come close to the speed of light.

While matter or rest mass objects may move at the same speed, relative to one another and so form a Newtonian inertial frame of reference, their movements are not always constant and do change. As soon as there is a change, the fourth dimensional space time continuum comes into force. In regards to quanta particles, this is not possible. Quanta particles cannot increase or decrease their energy, their virtual mass, momentum and their speed. This fact places the quanta particles in a very unique Newtonian frame of reference that I like to call the fifth dimension. The fact that quanta particles or photons travel at a constant speed in free space or vacuum is one of the fundamental constant that does not change in the universe and is one of the fundamental basis on which rest Einstein’s relativity laws.

One of the puzzle in quantum mechanics is that signals between the quantum particles seem to be travelling backwards in time, as if there exist instantaneous communication between them, even when they are widely separated. This strange phenomenon might be explained by the notion of the fifth dimension. Viewed from the fourth dimension in which we live, relative time has stopped because according to the time dilation principle of the special relativity laws, relative time becomes zero when the particles move at the speed of light. This does not mean, however, that the electromagnetic particles have stopped moving or that time in the fifth dimension has stopped progressing second after second. It means that for us in the fourth dimension observing the fifth dimension the time dimension is the same throughout this frame of reference. This means that events seem to happen simultaneously throughout the dimension independently where ever they may be. This would give the appearance that there does exists instantaneous communication among the particles even if they are far apart; this could give the appearance as if signals between the particles seem to be travelling backward in time.

This idea of a fifth dimension will be very important when examining the black hole and its implication to sub-atomic particles, a grand unifying theory and indeed, the universe as a whole. If a fifth dimension does exist in which quanta particles operate, it could fundamentally change our understanding of physical nature. If the physical nature of the universe has a fifth dimension, it naturally include all the other dimensions.

From our common experience we are all familiar with the Newtonian inertial frame of reference in which we observe the existence and movements of massive objects. The scientists have proven that a fourth space time dimension exists in massive objects that change their velocity relative to one another. The fifth dimension places the quanta particles, the photons or electromagnetic radiations or virtual mass, in a frame of reference that is unique and universal. It is the base dimension that will help to explain many of the still outstanding mysteries of the universe.