THE PHYSICAL UNIVERSE. PART 10.

THE PHYSICAL UNIVERSE PART X.

CHAPTER X.

CONTINUOUS COSMIC EVOLUTION.

The universe as it has been viewed in this work was mainly according to its physical principles, laws and old and new cosmological theories. A strong emphasis has been made of the existence of a universal gravitational-kinetic force that includes the lambda principle, virtual or zero rest mass of its quanta particles, its fifth dimension, and its black hole cosmological structure. The B.H.U. (black hole universe) theory is proposed which holds that the universe is a vast black hole including all energies and matter.

Besides proposing this new B.H.U. theory, this work so far has talked on three universal constants found in the universe and tried to show how closely they are related. In fact these constants unites Newtonian universal law of gravity, Einstein’s law of relativity and the quantum nature of the universe. It tried to give a new interpretation of the TOE theory. A number of cosmological consequences of the B.H.U. theory would indicate that the universe might not be expanding after all and that its beginning was not from a singularity, big bang and inflation. In fact it could rather be, that the universe is stable and is govern by fundamental principles that cause continuous formation of sub atomic particles from energy by means of quantum fluctuation.

This B.H.U. theory also seems to indicate that the universe has a entropy greater than zero but less than one. This would mean that in the universe there exists both order and disorder, chaos and zero rest mass and rest mass particles. The universe has a back ground radiation; a gravitational red shift of the light coming from distant stars which is due to its universal gravitation. It has a conserved quantity of gravitational and kinetic energies and forces.

Two important questions still to be examined in this work are: the historical development of the universe, and is it possible that there exists a principle of continuous evolution according to which the universe can continue to develop for ever? These are important questions that can give some true insight to the beginning, nature, structure, and future of the universe. It will give an overall view of the historically perspective of the universe.

When talking about the beginning of the universe it is important to know what is meant in the context of this work. The idea of creation is not involved here because the term creation is part of the transcendent aspect of the cosmos. The transcendent aspects deals with the question about God who exists in eternity and whose act of creation is eternal. When talking about the beginning of the universe from a physical aspect, it means from that moment when rest mass particles were formed that moved less than the speed of light. This point is regarded as the beginning of time because according to Einstein’s theory of relativity physical time can only exists when there exists particles which moved with a speed that is less than the speed of light.

However, according to the physical principle, energy can not be created or destroyed so that energy the basic element from which rest mass particles are formed, did exist in the universe before the beginning of time. The form of energy before the beginning of time was in the form of pure chaos, but chaos that was governed by fundamental principles that directed the formation of matter.

To ask the question where did the energy come from and when was it created is outside the realm of physical science. This would be a metaphysical and transcendent question that can not be answered by physical science. Physical science accepts that energy existed at the beginning of physical time. The philosopher and the theologian can talk about the beginning of time and the universe but they would have their own principles laws that would govern their field of sciences.

The philosopher’s idea of time would talk about the past, the present and the future. Anything that happened before the present is the past and anything that will happen beyond the present is the future. Thus the philosopher could talk about the time before the beginning of physical time and could speculate about the origin of the energy but he has to follow the law of logic. So too, the theologian can talk about the beginning of the universe from a transcendent point of view but it too has to be in keeping with faith and revelation. A harmonious view of all three perspectives would render a cosmological insight on the beginning of the universe.

From a purely physical aspect, all energy existed at the beginning of the universe in the fifth dimension in a state of pure chaos. However, what scientists have discovered is that even pure chaos is governed by physical laws. Thus, this pure energy which consisted of zero rest mass particles, or quanta particles or electro -magnetic radiation, is governed by cosmological principles.

The three basic laws or principles which existed at the very beginning of time were: the Newtonian laws of gravity and inertia or momentum, Einstein’s laws of relativity and the laws of quantum mechanics. These three basic laws had three basic constants, namely, the universal constant of gravitation, the speed of light in a vacuum, and the Planck constant.

The Newtonian laws of motion explains the universal gravitational and kinetic forces operating in the universe viewed in its fifth dimension. Einstein’s laws of relativity demands the constancy of the speed of light in a vacuum and established the relativity laws and a space time continuum as its fourth dimension. The laws of quantum explains the particle and wave nature of the quanta particles and it gives meaning to Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum fluctuation which occurs throughout the universe. With a finite quantity of energy in the universe, these constants describe a universe that has a structure of a black hole with a stable radius.

It is assumed that the basic laws and constants of the universe existed and operated from the very beginning of the universe. It is difficult and even impossible to answer the question why this should be so. Just as it is impossible to answer why the mathematical laws are correct or even why anything exists at all. These are self evident ontological questions that do not have an scientific answer. Similar questions are: How do we know that we exist? We know because we know; it is self evident and we do not need to proof it. I know that I exist because otherwise if I do not exist, I would not know. These are ontologies, self evident truths that need to be accepted if to be logical. These are ontological and not scientific questions and they lay outside the field of the physical aspect of the cosmos.

At the beginning of physical time there existed pure chaos consisting of quanta particles or electromagnetic radiations that formed an independent system of energy. The structure of the universe was a black hole. The electromagnetic radiation moved at random within the black hole making up the total energy of the universe consisting of two equal but opposing forms of kinetic and gravitational energies, forces and inertia or momentum. Since all energies where contained within the universe the radius of its event horizon was static and this prevented the universe either from expanding or from contracting into a singularity.

In this black hole universe consisting of pure radiant the strongest force of gravity is found at its event horizon, since it is so strong that it prevents any radiant energy to escape. If this is true, than the greatest concentration of radiant energy is at the event horizon forming a rim that consists of a super hot belt of electromagnetic radiation. Nothing, no energy can escape beyond the black hole but its interior is marked by a universal force of gravity and a very even background radiation that makes up its universal temperature.

The black hole universe was in the form of the fifth dimension, consisting of electromagnetic radiations that had various universal constants, including the universal gravitational constant, the speed of light in a vacuum and the Planck constant. At the beginning all the energies existed in a state of pure chaos. But it was governed by universal physical principles like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the many other universal physical laws discovered over the centuries.

One very important consequence that flowed from the uncertainty principle was quantum fluctuation. It is the mechanism in the universe that is able to transform radiant energy into sub atomic particles. Quantum fluctuation operated from the very beginning of physical time. This is so because physical time itself only began when radiant energy was transformed into sub atomic particles that moved with a speed that was less than the speed of light. As the sub atomic particles where formed, it also at the same time, formed the space time continuum of the fourth dimension which is governed by the relativity laws of Einstein.

While quantum fluctuation can occur anywhere in the universe, it is more prominent in a more hotter region of the universe where there is a greater concentration of energy. This would naturally be at the event horizon of the universe in the belt of radiant energy so strong that it even prevents light from escaping. In the formation of sub atomic particles from energy, scientists have discovered that it is always as a pair of both positive and negative form. It forms both positive and negative matter. If this positive and negative matter should recombined it would annihilate itself again in the form of radiant energy.

If this law of formation of matter from radiant energy into pairs of positive and negative matter, was always true from the very beginning than the positive and negative matter must also have been separated. The universe that can be observed by the astronomers is positive or it consists of positive matter. In fact no negative matter, stars or galaxies have ever been observed. The question could be asked: if our observable universe consists of positive matter, where is the negative matter?

This important question could possibly be answered by the following speculation. At the time of the formation of positive and negative matter, they are separated into two different regions. Since the formation mainly occurs in the radiant belt at the event horizon of the universe, the positive matter formed escapes into the interior of the universe and the negative matter remains on or at the radiant belt. Thus, the radiant belt of the universe could consist of negative matter whereas the positive matter escapes into the interior of the universe forming the positive matter observed by the astronomers.

In the interior of the radiant belt is a region of constant formation of positive and negative matter and its annihilation. The annihilation process of positive and negative matter can occur immediately after their formation but some particles would exist a few moments long enough to escape this region of annihilation. Only those positive and negative particles that have successfully extradited themselves into there respective regions, remain. The remaining matter can undergo further formation into atoms and molecules which are the basic matter in the formation of galaxies, stars and other astronomical bodies.

If this speculation or theory is correct, it is possible to say that while the interior of the universe is positive, the exterior of the universe is negative. The universe observed from the outside would appear to be negative but the interior as we can observe it, is positive which means it consists mainly of positive matter. The divide between the positive and negative matter is the radiant belt or the event horizon that surrounds the whole universe and it is a permanent structure. In no way can the positive matter of the interior universe be annihilated by negative matter because the divide of the radiant belt is impossible to be breached. Between the two regions of positive and negative matter lies a belt of very high temperature that would annihilate any positive or negative matter in it.

In some respect the whole universe is reflected in every subatomic particle in miniature. According to the theory here presented, every rest mass sub atomic particle that would include all subatomic particles, is like a miniature black hole. This is the theory presented earlier in this work when talking about the TOE theory of the universe. Every subatomic particle would consist of an inner tiny black hole with an event horizon and its radius. If the interior of the black hole of the subatomic particle would have a positive charge like an electron, its outer charge would be the negative and vice verse.

The formation of subatomic particles and atoms are very well explain by both the big bang theory and the steady state theories. After the formation of the basic elements of electrons, protons, neutrons and all the other subatomic particles, came the formation of hydrogen, helium and deuterium atoms. Fred Hoyle and independently, Yaakoy Zel’dovich (1914-87) explained the manufactures of most of the other elements inside stars by means of nucleosynthesis. After the formation of gas clouds came the formation proto galaxies, galaxies, stars, planets and all the other heavenly bodies so far discovered by the astronomers.

What is becoming obvious from the observation of the astronomers, is that there is a continuous formations of galaxies and stars throughout the universe. Simultaneously, however, there is also a continuous destruction of stars and galaxies in the universe especially by means of nuclear burning in stars. The formation of each galaxy and star is unique and there are unique differences so that there sees to be a continuous evolution happening in the universe. The universe seems to be always renewing itself; it is certainly not dieing out.

As new subatomic particles and atoms are formed, electromagnetic energy is restrained in these elements and this tends to lower the temperature of the universe. On the other hand, as energy is released by means of nuclear burning or by means of annihilation of elements, the temperature of the universe is slowly increased. As the temperature is decreased the universe looses its degree of entropy and as energy is released it gains in entropy. Eventually, there comes a balance that maintains a steady degree of entropy in the universe. This can be observed and measured in the universal back ground radiation.

What can be observed when reflecting on the structure and development of the universe is that there exists a continuous evolutionary process in the universe. This continuous evolution slowly changes the structure of the universe. It will never remain the same but it is continuously being altered. The structure of the universe today is different from what it was at its beginning and in a few millennia it will be different again.

This continuous evolutionary process observed in the universe is an echo of the continuous formation of subatomic particles by means of quanta fluctuations. The mechanism of quantum fluctuation is due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle discovered to be inherit in the quanta particles. It is one of the most important inherent principle in nature that enables the evolutionary process to be continuous. This evolutionary process is also reflected in the emergence of organic life in the universe. Its evolutionary process continued until the emergence of intelligent life.

While organic and intelligent life has emerged on planet earth, there is no reason to suggest that it has only occurred here. It could possibly be that organic and intelligent life has emerged somewhere else in the universe but until now it has not been discovered. The importance of the emergence of organic and intelligent life in the universe is not whether it has emerged somewhere else but that it has emerged. The very fact that it has emerged means that it has a very important position in the universal evolutionary process. It may mean that the continuous evolutionary process is depending on the emergence of organic and intelligent life in the universe.

One thing is sure, that unless intelligent life had emergence in the universe, there would have been no conscious creature who could appreciate and master the elements and principles of the universe. Since intelligent life has emerged in the universe it has an evolutionary obligation to continue its evolutionary process. This could be interpreted to mean that intelligent life has an obligation to humanise not only its own planet, but also the other bodies in its solar system and even go beyond depending on its technological, political, economical and social development.

The importance of the human species in the cosmos does not depend on the physical size of the human person or on the size and position of planet earth, or the solar system or the Milky Way Galaxy. In comparison to other heavenly bodies the human person, species, planet earth, solar system and galaxy appear very ordinary. They seem to look even minuscule and can certainly not boast of any special position in the cosmos.

However, planet earth can boast that is the only known planet in the universe that is capable of supporting organic life necessary for the existing of intelligent life. Human life can boast that it is the only known intelligent species in the universe. It might not be the only intelligent species in the universe but we have not discover any other, nor do we even have a sign of any other existing in the universe.

What gives the human species and each individual person such importance in its cosmic relationship is its intelligence, its ability to formulate ideas, to think, to remember, to be creative, to be able to love. It is only an intelligent person who can come to know and appreciate the beauty of the universe; come to some understanding of its origin and destiny. It is only an intelligent being who can consciously participate and promote the cosmic evolutionary process.

What would be the purpose and meaning of the cosmic reality if it were not for intelligent being to come to appreciate it and contribute to its evolution? The human species and to some extend every person, has the privilege to be part of the cosmic reality and also a corresponding obligation to participate in its development. It is possible to say that the universe through its cosmic evolutionary process, has obtained consciousness in the human intelligent species.

The evolutionary push of the universe has not reached its end but it is seems to be encouraging the human species not only to humanise its own planet earth, and go further to become extra terrestrial. It seems to be pushing humankind to venture forth from our beautiful planet, to master and to humanise other planets, moons and may be even other solar systems. There seems to be no physical reason why this cosmic evolutionary process should come to an end. It is true that our planet earth and our solar system will become uninhabitable for the human species in the distant future. However, when this will eventuate, the human species would have become truly extra terrestrial.